Encephalitis is a rare condition that causes inflammation - swelling and irritation - of the brain and can affect the function of the spinal cord. It's commonly caused by a virus. It is a serious condition that requires immediate medical treatment.
The onset of symptoms is often very sudden:
Encephalitis is usually preceded by some sort of viral illness, such as an upper respiratory infection. It can also be caused by:
Most encephalitis cases occur in children, the elderly or people who have weakened immune systems.
Be sure to come to your appointment armed with your child's vaccine history. Prior to vaccination for childhood illnesses, encephalitis was much more common among children. If your child is missing a vaccination, this will be helpful for your doctor to know.
Also, let your doctor know about any recent colds or infections, trips that may have resulted in a mosquito or tick bite and any pets they've been around.
Your doctor may order various tests, such as:
Your doctor will try to reduce swelling in the brain to prevent more complications. Likely, your child will be hospitalized. Various medications will be prescribed, depending on the severity of the illness, as well as your child's age and general health.
Most children will have a good recovery from encephalitis. However, some do experience ongoing problems with learning, thinking, speech or body movement.
Make sure your child is up to date on their immunizations, all the way through the teen years.
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